confounding

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

The study is cross-sectional, which means it cannot determine cause and effect and may be influenced by confounding factors or reverse causation.

From Science Daily • Apr. 13, 2026

“Pamela Steele knows how to name the confounding world around us,” fellow Appalachian author Glenn Taylor praised Steele’s new novel.

From Los Angeles Times • Apr. 8, 2026

The evidence on the shingles vaccine and dementia comes from the equivalent of a gold-standard natural experiment where the influence of such confounding variables has been minimized, he says.

From MarketWatch • Mar. 7, 2026

One particularly confounding and repeated grievance is the film’s title.

From Salon • Feb. 23, 2026

The paradigm was simple enough to make their behavior confounding: Good/Bad.

From "Becoming" by Michelle Obama