confounding

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

Among the many contentious strongmen who have popped up worldwide in the first decades of the 21st century, Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey is the most confounding.

From The Wall Street Journal • Apr. 30, 2026

The study is cross-sectional, which means it cannot determine cause and effect and may be influenced by confounding factors or reverse causation.

From Science Daily • Apr. 13, 2026

The evidence on the shingles vaccine and dementia comes from the equivalent of a gold-standard natural experiment where the influence of such confounding variables has been minimized, he says.

From MarketWatch • Mar. 7, 2026

One particularly confounding and repeated grievance is the film’s title.

From Salon • Feb. 23, 2026

But, as with many crimes against American Indians, the question of which government entity had jurisdiction over the Osage murders was confounding.

From "Killers of the Flower Moon" by David Grann