confounding

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

Because Golding’s account of his death was so deliberately confounding, I wasn’t sure what happened.

From Los Angeles Times • Jun. 9, 2026

For those who know of exorcisms primarily from horror movies, the news of a professional exorcist in the nation’s capital causing drama may have been a bit confounding.

From Slate • Jun. 8, 2026

“We cannot look at this single liver case in a silo,” Raffat wrote, adding that “such cases do tend to occur on other GLPs as well because of various confounding factors.”

From Barron's • May 4, 2026

The study is cross-sectional, which means it cannot determine cause and effect and may be influenced by confounding factors or reverse causation.

From Science Daily • Apr. 13, 2026

Smoking is without doubt a significant contributory cause of cancer, lung and heart disease, but there are confounding factors having to do with life-style and environment which partially obscured this fact for some years.

From "Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences" by John Allen Paulos