smelt

For many years, lead toxicity was assumed to be closely tied to human industry, including smelting, mining, and the use of leaded petrol and paint.

“They are going to send a lot of their manufacturing to the United States—pharmaceuticals, gold smelting, railway equipment.”

The Japanese are investing in U.S. smelting of copper, a critical mineral, and a lithium-ion-phosphate processing plant.

The US Treasury Secretary slammed export curbs imposed by Beijing last week on technologies used for rare-earth mining, smelting, and other processing steps.

U.S. smelting has declined under high energy costs, and there has also been chronic underinvestment in rolling, extrusion and finishing, he added.