voltage

Electrochemical techniques use electrodes placed in a chemical solution while voltage is applied to trigger specific reactions.

At its center is a flat ceramic ring that vibrates when voltage is applied.

These combined effects enable the floating generator to deliver high peak voltages of around 250 volts per droplet, a performance level comparable to devices that rely on metal components and solid substrates.

To better understand how these effects evolve over time, the scientists applied alternating voltage signals to the nanopores.

It would drive hundreds of miles on a single charge, and carry enough voltage to power a home for days.