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"While puberty offers a clear start, the end of adolescence is much harder to pin down scientifically. Based purely on neural architecture, we found that adolescent-like changes in brain structure end around the early thirties."

After Spencer pinned Matthew Maynard - an England international - leg before wicket, Richards swaggered to the crease to a standing ovation.

Over the past twenty years, this shelf has developed increasing fractures around a major shear zone located upstream of that pinning point.

Another crucial part of the research involved pinning down the age of the fossils and reconstructing the ancient environments in which these hominins lived.

And then there were train enthusiasts like an 11-year-old passenger, who was wearing a homemade California Zephyr shirt, a blue Amtrak baseball hat and a lanyard with collectible pins.