fasting

After introducing the gut microbes into microbe-free mice, the researchers measured changes in mouse physiology over time, including weight gain, fat percentage, fasting glucose, liver function and other traits.

Cultural and religious practices, such as extended fasting periods, further limit children's access to nutrient-rich foods, despite religious leaders advising against fasting for young children.

Ketone bodies, produced by the body to provide fuel during fasting, have roles in regulating cellular processes and aging mechanisms beyond energy production.

It was initially conceived as a time of fasting and penitence, not unlike Lent, during which observant Christians prepared themselves to celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ at Christmas.

The team identified several biomarkers related to insulin resistance -- such as fasting insulin, insulin at 30 minutes and 120 minutes, proinsulin, and serum C-peptide -- that were associated with increased AS risk.