upward

On the other hand, a decision to hold rates steady would have likely required at least a combination of strong employment figures for September with upward revisions to prior months.

Nonetheless, in the late 1990s and again during the mid 2000s as housing took off, the Fed raised rates anyway, in part because escalating asset values put upward pressure on inflation.

Continued upward pressure on prices could further profligacy from wealthy consumers.

These intense conditions allowed radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium to move upward.

Long-term interest rates have already leapt upward in France and Japan.