shipper

Meanwhile suspensions announced by Geneva-based shipping giant MSC and French shipper CMA-CGM involving Mali operations were reversed following agreements with the government.

Last month, the International Maritime Organization, the world shipping body, set about to put in place the first ever global carbon tax under which shippers would be held accountable for their emissions.

That’s because retailers and shippers started shipping goods earlier than normal to avoid fees and to stock up their warehouses because of tariffs.

The blacklist exposes companies working with the firms to the risk of secondary sanctions, which would deny them access to US banks, traders, shippers and insurers -- the backbone of the commodities market.

Anything larger would be a logistical nightmare involving hiring a private shipper.