observational

They resolve the long-debated origin of the "knee" and provide compelling observational evidence for the role of black hole systems in producing cosmic rays.

Such models would allow researchers to compare theories of galactic evolution, structure, and star formation directly to observational data.

The team identified nine systematic reviews that together covered 40 observational studies on acetaminophen exposure during pregnancy and later neurodevelopmental outcomes in children.

Low vitamin D levels have long been linked to poor cardiovascular outcomes in observational studies.

With new observational campaigns on the horizon, these simulations will play a crucial role in interpreting upcoming results.