layoff

Manufacturers continued to reduce staff by leaving open jobs unfilled or resorting to layoffs in some cases.

Layoffs in the U.S. are expected to largely occur this month, with international layoffs continuing into next year.

Weak end-markets for chemicals and a prolonged earnings trough for the company add further context to the planned layoffs, Jefferies says.

A few projects have already stalled; architects working on the resorts say that layoffs have spiked and that the scope of their work has been reduced.

Economists like Prof Panagariya argue that the old rules barring layoffs in firms with 100 or more workers were "draconian," hampering India's competitiveness compared to countries like Bangladesh, Vietnam, and China.