by-product

In such an environment, a 3% inflation rate is less a policy failure than an adaptation—the by-product of an economy adjusting to a chronic government deficit and the political impossibility of fiscal consolidation.

“Belief in a novel is, for me, a by-product of a certain kind of sentence,” Smith observes.

The company said the on-year rise in profitability was due to higher zinc in concentrate sales volumes, a rise in base-metal prices, and by-product revenues combined with significantly lower copper smelter processing charges.

The protein trend has been especially driven by the expanded availability of protein from whey, typically a by-product of cheese production.

It adds that interference occurs primarily near conflict zones as a by-product of military activity, rather than necessarily being a deliberate act.