spinal

Andrews added that she recently had to perform a lumbar puncture, an operation better known as a spinal tap, on a four-year-old, which she said is going to become more common as vaccination rates drop.

"Our middle boy, Mo, had a spinal operation just over a month ago, so my family were unable to travel," Fleetwood said.

In the early days of research, dementia was diagnosed only in autopsies, and later through spinal fluid or PET scans.

Ioan was carried on a spinal board to the top of the track to meet an ambulance, with Jim in hot pursuit.

PC Bremner's injuries included a bleed on the brain and spinal fractures.