factual

At the time BAT said its ads aimed to give factual information but "stopped short of direct or indirect promotion".

“That decision is binding, and it does require a substantial degree of deference on the factual issues,” Somin said.

The core disputes at the court this year reflect controversial factual questions about gender and race: How pervasive and influential is racism in the current day?

Mr Mugabe's lawyer told the BBC they plan to deny the charges, and contested the factual claims made by the police.

“We need to look at it from a factual standpoint,” Loudermilk told POLITICO.