whereby

Announcing its decision last month, Massive Attack said Spotify had long placed an "economic burden" on artists, which was "now compounded by a moral and ethical burden, whereby the hard-earned money of fans and the creative endeavours of musicians ultimately funds lethal, dystopian technologies".

Wessel was what Hannah Arendt would have called a failed intellectual: a product of the dark underworld of modern, atomized society, whereby a person of above average intelligence, burning ambition and an essential rootlessness and absence of moral values becomes the building block of totalitarian movements – or, perhaps, the scum that floats to the top in times of social crisis.

They had two options – either have a version of IVF whereby the embryo is tested for the gene before implantation, or conceive naturally and have the developing embryo tested.

There were moments when digesting his work, whereby I felt he was articulating something I had never quite found words for myself.

Then there are long-established hydro power systems, whereby water is released from a higher reservoir to a lower one, also driving turbines.